What defines a series circuit?

A series circuit is defined as a circuit that has only one path for current to flow. In such a configuration, all components are connected end-to-end in a single loop, meaning the current that flows through one component must flow through any subsequent components without deviation. This characteristic leads to a consistent current throughout the entire circuit, simplifying analysis and calculations related to voltage and resistance.

In a series circuit, if one component fails or is disconnected, it will interrupt the flow of current for the entire circuit, which is a key defining feature. This contrasts with parallel circuits, which have multiple pathways for current flow and can maintain operation even if one pathway is interrupted. Understanding this foundational concept is crucial for working with electrical systems and troubleshooting, as it impacts how devices are wired and how they can be modified or repaired.