What is the primary function of a lathe machine?

The primary function of a lathe machine is to turn and shape workpieces. A lathe works by rotating the material, usually a round workpiece, against a stationary cutting tool to remove material and achieve the desired shape or finish. This process allows for various operations like turning, facing, and threading, making the lathe a versatile and essential tool in machining.

In contrast, grinding is typically performed using different machines designed specifically for that purpose, which focus on achieving a smooth finish rather than shaping a material from its core. Drilling machines, meanwhile, are specialized for creating holes, and saws are used for cutting materials into pieces rather than shaping them through rotation. Thus, the lathe stands out for its unique capability to shape materials through rotation and direct interaction with cutting tools.