What is the primary function of centrifugal pumps?

The primary function of centrifugal pumps is to convey liquid using centrifugal force. This type of pump operates by converting rotational energy, typically from a motor, into the kinetic energy of the fluid. When the impeller, which is a rotating component within the pump, spins, it imparts velocity to the liquid. As the liquid moves outward from the center of the impeller due to centrifugal force, it creates a lower pressure area at the inlet of the pump. This pressure difference allows more liquid to flow into the pump, continuously lifting and moving the liquid through the discharge pipe.

This mechanism is essential in various applications, such as water supply systems, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. The design makes centrifugal pumps highly efficient for moving large volumes of liquid quickly. Understanding this principle is crucial for anyone studying mechanical technology or working with hydraulic systems.